Thlopthlocco Tribal Town was formed toward the end of the 18th century and was an upper Creek town of the old Creek town of the old Creek Confederacy situated in Alabama and Georgia in historical times. Thlopthlocco (Rvp-Rakko), an upper Creek town, was established near Wetumka, Alabama. Rvp-Rakko (Thlopthlocco) meant "Tall Cane" or "Big Reed", so named for the town's location in the vicinity of a stream where there was an abundance of cane or reed.

Thlopthlocco was known as a Red Town and in Creek culture Red Towns carried red beads and administered war functions. Thlopthlocco Tribal Town was one of the 44 or more Creek tribal towns immigrating to Indian Territory due to the Indian Removal Act of 1830. During removal members of the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town settled along the north fork of the North Canadian River in what is now central Oklahoma. The Town was one of the most western settlements of the Creeks, establishing its square grounds and rekindling its fire between Wetumka and Okemah.

In 1938 Thlopthlocco Tribal Town ratified its constitution and bylaws under the provisions of the Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act of June 26, 1936 and ratified its federal charter of incorporation in 1939. In 1941 the Secretary of the Interior placed 1,900 acres of land in trust for the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town for its exclusive use and benefit. On a tract of those lands near the North Canadian River the Town members constructed a council house made of hand-hewn stone using Works Progress Administration labor. Thlopthlocco Tribal Town members participate in activities at nearby ceremonial grounds.